Brussels, Belgium. The supply of natural gas and renewable energy across the European Union increased in 2025, while the use of coal and petroleum products continued to decline, according to preliminary data released by Eurostat this week. Renewable energy remained the bloc’s leading source of electricity generation during the year.
Energy supply trends
Natural gas supply rose by 2.3 per cent compared with 2024 to about 13.1 million terajoules, marking a second consecutive year of growth after a sharp decline in 2023.
Renewable energy supply totalled 11.5 million terajoules, up 1.4 per cent despite a substantial reduction in hydropower output. Nuclear energy supply increased by 0.2 per cent to 650,648 gigawatt-hours.
Coal and petroleum decline
Coal supply fell to its lowest level since records began in 1990. Brown coal supply dropped by 7.7 per cent to 184,741 thousand tonnes, while hard coal fell by 3.2 per cent to 107,072 thousand tonnes.
Petroleum products also continued their downward trend, with supply totalling 448,656 thousand tonnes, down 2.8 per cent compared with 2023.
Electricity generation mix
Renewable energy accounted for 47.2 per cent of all electricity production in the European Union, remaining the largest source despite a slight decrease of 0.5 per cent compared with 2024.
Electricity generated from fossil fuels increased by 3.2 per cent and made up 29.6 per cent of total electricity production, while nuclear plants provided 23.2 per cent.
Renewable energy breakdown
Within renewable electricity generation, wind remained the main source in the European Union, accounting for 37.5 per cent of the total. Solar followed at 27.5 per cent and hydropower at 25.9 per cent.
Solar recorded the fastest growth among renewable sources, increasing by 24.6 per cent in 2025, while hydropower declined by 11.8 per cent.