Brussels, Belgium. The European Union exported €554.0 billion worth of goods to the United States and imported €354.4 billion in 2025, resulting in a €199.6 billion trade surplus, according to Eurostat. Exports and imports rose from 2024 levels by 3.4 per cent and 4.8 per cent, respectively.
Year-on-year changes and quarterly pattern
Compared with 2024, both exports and imports increased in 2025, reflecting continued strength in transatlantic trade. In the first quarter of 2025, imports from and especially exports to the United States rose significantly, before recording a marked decline in the second quarter.
In the third quarter, imports edged up slightly while exports registered a modest decrease. In the fourth quarter, both exports and imports declined, signalling a cooling of momentum towards the end of the year.
Top EU exports to the United States
A breakdown by Standard International Trade Classification categories showed that the top five most exported product groups in 2025 accounted for 53.0 per cent of all EU exports to the United States.
Medicinal and pharmaceutical products led exports with a 29.0 per cent share, followed by road vehicles at 7.5 per cent, general industrial machinery and equipment at 5.9 per cent, electrical machinery, appliances and electrical parts at 5.8 per cent, and power generating machinery and equipment at 4.8 per cent.
Top EU imports from the United States
On the import side, the top five categories represented 52.1 per cent of all goods imported from the United States.
Medicinal and pharmaceutical products topped imports with 17.0 per cent, followed by petroleum and related materials at 11.2 per cent, power generating machinery and equipment at 9.4 per cent, natural and manufactured gas at 7.9 per cent, and other transport equipment at 6.6 per cent.
Context and member state links
Eurostat data showed the scale and composition of EU-US trade and highlighted the importance of the American market for Europe, including for member states such as Cyprus whose financial and investment links extend across the Atlantic.
What do you think the quarterly shifts in EU-US trade during 2025 indicate about demand and supply conditions?