Nicosia, Cyprus. Several major historical events took place on July 1 over the course of the 20th century, spanning conflict, political milestones, scientific testing and notable deaths.
World War and military events
In 1916, British and French forces launched the Somme Offensive during World War One.
In 1942, Sevastopol in Crimea fell to German forces after an eight-month siege.
Political milestones
In 1917, Canada marked the 50th anniversary of Confederation.
In 1974, Juan Peron, Argentine president and founder of the Peronist movement, died.
In 1999, Germany’s parliament held its last session in Bonn before moving to Berlin.
Also in 1999, Scotland opened its first parliament in nearly 300 years.
Science and public figures
In 1946, the United States tested an atomic bomb over Bikini Atoll in the Pacific.
In 1997, Robert Mitchum, a U.S. movie star known for films including “Cape Fear”, “Ryan’s Daughter” and “Night of the Hunter”, died at the age of 79.
In 1999, Joshua Nkomo died aged 83. He was Zimbabwe’s veteran vice-president and a stalwart of its liberation struggle.